Scots waiting lists are 25 times higher than England according to research.
NHS Scotland data showed 1,587 patients had been waiting at least 156 weeks for either an inpatient or day care procedure.
More than 1,500 Scots patients are waiting three years or more for hospital procedures while a total of 6,831 Scots have been on the list for two years.
Despite the population south of the border being significantly larger, NHS England data showed 265 patients waiting 104 weeks or more for an inpatient or day care procedure.
The First Minister, who previously served as health secretary, said this would reduce waiting lists by 100,000 by 2026.